AI Sovereignty
Compare the AI providers businesses use most: jurisdiction, CLOUD Act exposure, open models and EU hosting options.
Where each provider is headquartered, whether the US CLOUD Act reaches it, whether its models are open, and whether you can keep data in the EU. Last verified 6 November 2026.
| Provider | Headquarters | US CLOUD Act | EU hosting | Models |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Alibaba Cloud Qwen models, Model Studio Source: Alibaba Cloud docs | Hangzhou, China | Does not apply PRC law applies to the company | EU option Frankfurt region stores data in the EU, but the newest models run with global inference. | Open + closed Many Qwen models are open weights; Qwen-Max is closed. |
Amazon Web Services Bedrock Source: Cloudvisor | Seattle, United States | Applies | EU option EU regions and the European Sovereign Cloud (Brandenburg, Jan 2026), which is still US-owned. | Model host Hosts Anthropic, Mistral, Meta, Amazon and other models. |
Anthropic Claude models Source: eSEOspace, Oct 2026 | San Francisco, United States | Applies | EU via partner cloud First-party API processes in the US or globally; EU regions via AWS Bedrock or Google Vertex AI. | Closed Models available by API and apps only. |
Berget AI Inference API Source: European Purpose | Sweden | Does not apply | EU by default Runs on Swedish infrastructure under Swedish jurisdiction. | Model host Serves open-weight models behind an OpenAI-compatible API. |
Cohere (incl. Aleph Alpha) Command models, North Source: Doolpa | Toronto, Canada | Does not apply Canadian law | EU option Deploys in your VPC or on premises. Bought Germany's Aleph Alpha in 2026, with its European HQ in Berlin. | Closed Commercial models are closed and sold as private deployments. |
DeepSeek DeepSeek models Source: Blck Alpaca | Hangzhou, China | Not if self-hosted PRC law applies to the first-party API | Self-host only The first-party API runs in China; self-host the weights to keep data in the EU. | Open weights Released under the MIT license. |
Google Gemini, Vertex AI Source: Google Cloud docs | Mountain View, United States | Applies | EU option EU regions on Vertex AI must be configured; the consumer Gemini API processes globally. | Open + closed Gemini is closed; Gemma models are open weights. |
IONOS AI Model Hub Source: LLM Radar | Montabaur, Germany | Does not apply | EU by default Hosted in Germany. | Model host Serves curated open-weight models. |
Meta Llama models Source: Layer3 Labs | Menlo Park, United States | Not if self-hosted | Self-host only Download the weights and run them on any EU infrastructure you choose. | Open weights Llama Community License, which has use restrictions and is not OSI open source. |
Microsoft Azure OpenAI / AI Foundry Source: Wavect | Redmond, United States | Applies | EU option EU Data Zone deployments keep processing in the EU; global deployments do not. | Model host Hosts OpenAI and other labs' models. |
Mistral AI Mistral API, Le Chat Source: Wavect | Paris, France | Does not apply | EU by default First-party platform is EU by default. On Bedrock or Azure, the cloud region you pick decides. | Open + closed Many models are open weights under Apache 2.0; some premium models are closed. |
OpenAI GPT models, ChatGPT Enterprise Source: OpenAI | San Francisco, United States | Applies | EU option EU data residency for eligible API projects and new ChatGPT Enterprise/Edu workspaces. | Open + closed Flagship GPT models are closed; gpt-oss models are open weights. |
OVHcloud AI Endpoints Source: European Alternatives | Roubaix, France | Does not apply | EU by default Runs on OVHcloud's own European data centers. | Model host Serverless access to open-weight models. |
Scaleway Generative APIs Source: European Alternatives | Paris, France | Does not apply | EU by default Serverless models are hosted in a Paris data center. | Model host Serves open-weight models behind an OpenAI-compatible API. |
STACKIT AI Model Serving Source: LLM Radar | Neckarsulm, Germany | Does not apply | EU by default Exclusively European data residency, hosted in Germany. | Model host Serves open-weight models. Part of Schwarz Group (Lidl, Kaufland). |
Qwen models, Model Studio
Frankfurt region stores data in the EU, but the newest models run with global inference.
Many Qwen models are open weights; Qwen-Max is closed.
Jurisdiction: PRC law applies to the company.
Source: Alibaba Cloud docsBedrock
EU regions and the European Sovereign Cloud (Brandenburg, Jan 2026), which is still US-owned.
Hosts Anthropic, Mistral, Meta, Amazon and other models.
Source: CloudvisorClaude models
First-party API processes in the US or globally; EU regions via AWS Bedrock or Google Vertex AI.
Models available by API and apps only.
Source: eSEOspace, Oct 2026Inference API
Runs on Swedish infrastructure under Swedish jurisdiction.
Serves open-weight models behind an OpenAI-compatible API.
Source: European PurposeCommand models, North
Deploys in your VPC or on premises. Bought Germany's Aleph Alpha in 2026, with its European HQ in Berlin.
Commercial models are closed and sold as private deployments.
Jurisdiction: Canadian law.
Source: DoolpaDeepSeek models
The first-party API runs in China; self-host the weights to keep data in the EU.
Released under the MIT license.
Jurisdiction: PRC law applies to the first-party API.
Source: Blck AlpacaGemini, Vertex AI
EU regions on Vertex AI must be configured; the consumer Gemini API processes globally.
Gemini is closed; Gemma models are open weights.
Source: Google Cloud docsAI Model Hub
Hosted in Germany.
Serves curated open-weight models.
Source: LLM RadarLlama models
Download the weights and run them on any EU infrastructure you choose.
Llama Community License, which has use restrictions and is not OSI open source.
Source: Layer3 LabsAzure OpenAI / AI Foundry
EU Data Zone deployments keep processing in the EU; global deployments do not.
Hosts OpenAI and other labs' models.
Source: WavectMistral API, Le Chat
First-party platform is EU by default. On Bedrock or Azure, the cloud region you pick decides.
Many models are open weights under Apache 2.0; some premium models are closed.
Source: WavectGPT models, ChatGPT Enterprise
EU data residency for eligible API projects and new ChatGPT Enterprise/Edu workspaces.
Flagship GPT models are closed; gpt-oss models are open weights.
Source: OpenAIAI Endpoints
Runs on OVHcloud's own European data centers.
Serverless access to open-weight models.
Source: European AlternativesGenerative APIs
Serverless models are hosted in a Paris data center.
Serves open-weight models behind an OpenAI-compatible API.
Source: European AlternativesAI Model Serving
Exclusively European data residency, hosted in Germany.
Serves open-weight models. Part of Schwarz Group (Lidl, Kaufland).
Source: LLM Radar